Verbs - Words of Action - and Verb Conjugation
Verb -a word used to describe an action, state, or occurrence (to) work, (to) learn, (to) eatVerbs are a necessary part of any sentence. Your Vocabulary of Verbs will let you describe any action with more precision.
Verbs are "conjugated" (modified) based on Person (first, second or third) and Tense (past, present and future) in which they are used.
Take the Verb "to eat." In the First Person, you would say "I have eaten", "I am eating" and "I will eat" to show Past Tense, Present Tense and Future Tense respectively. In the Third Person these will become "He has eaten", "He is eating" and "He will eat".
Bangla is similar in that there are changes to the root verb based on Person and Tense. The Bangla word for eat is খাওয়া(khaOya). The equivalent Bangla sentences are shown below.
| First Person | ||
|---|---|---|
| Past Tense | I have eaten | আমি খেয়েছি (ami kheyechhi) |
| Present Tense | I am eating | আমি খাচ্ছি (ami khachchhi) |
| Future Tense | I will eat | আমি খাব (ami khabo) |
| Third Person | ||
| Past Tense | He has eaten | ও খেয়েছে (O kheyechhe) |
| Present Tense | He is eating | ও খাচ্ছে (O khachchhe) |
| Future Tense | He will eat | ও খাবে (O khabe) |
In Bangla, the rules that verbs follow are quite consistent.
Rules for Conjugating Verbs
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Verb Conjugation Rules
- Start with the Root Verb [eg. to see দেখা = দ + ে + খ + া (d e kh a) ]
- Truncate the Vowel sound at the end [eg. দ + ে + খ
া= দেখ (d e kha) ] - There are 24 possible combinations possible. There are 3 Persons - First, Second and Third. Past Tense has 4 forms (Simple, Continuous, Perfect and Habitual). Present Tense has 3 forms (Simple, Continuous, Perfect). Future Tense has one form. The guide below shows the Past Continuous, Present Continuous and Future forms.
- In the First Person
- The Past Continuous Tense, ends with the "-ছিলাম" ("-chhilam") sound
[eg. দেখ + ছিলাম = দেখছিলাম (dekh o chhilam) ] - The Present Continuous Tense ends with the "-ছি" ("-chhi") sound
[eg. দেখ + ছি = দেখছি (dekh o chhi) ] - The Future Tense ends with the "-ব" ("-bo") sound
[eg. দেখ + ব = দেখব (dekh o bo) ]
- The Past Continuous Tense, ends with the "-ছিলাম" ("-chhilam") sound
- In the Second Person
- The Past Continuous Tense ends with the "-ছিলে" ("-chhile") sound
[eg. দেখ + ছিলে = দেখছিলে (dekh o chhile) ] - The Present Continuous Tense ends with the "-ছ" ("-chho") sound
[eg. দেখ + ছ = দেখছ (dekh o chho) ] - The Future Tense ends with the "-বে" ("-be") sound
[eg. দেখ + বে = দেখবে (dekh o be) ]
- The Past Continuous Tense ends with the "-ছিলে" ("-chhile") sound
- In the Third Person
- The Past Continuous Tense ends with the "-ছিল" ("-chhilo") sound
[eg. দেখ + ছিল = দেখছিল (dekh o chhilo) ] - The Present Continuous Tense ends with the "-ছে" ("-chhe") sound
[eg. দেখ + ছে = দেখছে (dekh o chhe) ] - The Future Tense ends with the "-বে" ("-be") sound
[eg. দেখ + বে = দেখবে (dekh o be) ]
- The Past Continuous Tense ends with the "-ছিল" ("-chhilo") sound
The word for "go" is an exception where the past tense is গিয়েছি and গিয়েছে(giyechhi and giyechhe) rather than the rule-based যায়েছি and যায়েছে(Jayechhi and Jayechhe). The sound of "gi" + "ye" is easier to make than the sound of "Ja" + "ye".
The following lists show these rules applied to sets of verbs, roughly organized by their usage.
Display Conjugations
Verbs Organized by Usage
Let's use some Verbs in sentences.
Verbs in Sentences
| English | Bangla |
|---|---|
| I slept well last night. | আমি কাল রাতে ভাল ঘুমিয়েছিলাম। ami kal rate bhalo ghumiyechhilam. |
| I woke up from sleep at 8 o'clock. | আমি আটটার সময় ঘুম থেকে উঠেছিলাম। ami aToTar somoy ghum theke uThechhilam. |
| I showered then ate breakfast. | আমি চান করে, সকালের খাবার খেয়েছিলাম। ami chan kore, sokaler khabar kheyechhilam. |
| We went for a walk. | আমরা হাঁটতে গিয়েছিলাম। amora han^Tote giyechhilam. |
| There are so many people running around on the roads, I don't feel like driving a car | রাস্তায় এতো লোক দৌরাচ্ছে, আমার এখানে গাড়ি চালাতে ভাল লাগে না। rastay etO lOk dOUrachchhe, amar ekhane gaRi chalate bhalo lage na. |
| People may get hurt. | লোকেদের ব্যথা লাগতে পারে। lOkeder bYotha lagote pare. |
| I can recognize Bangla letters. | আমি বাংলা অক্ষর চিনতে পারছি। ami bangla okShor chinote parochhi. |
| I am understanding Bengali. | আমি বাংলা বুঝতে পারছি। ami bangla bujhote parochhi. |
| I will speak Bangla in a few days. | আমি কয়েক দিনের ভিতরে বাংলা কথা বলব। ami koyek diner bhitore bangla kotha bolob. |