Choosing a Password
Your password should ideally be more than 7 characters long as longer passwords are more secure. It is highly recommended that you choose an unique password for each site that you go to. Some people choose a phrase like "WhereTheMindIsWithoutFear" (a famous Tagore poem) so that they can easily remember their password. In the Welcome email, only the first and last two characters are shown for security reasons.
Change Registration except eMail
Email ID
Password
First Name
Last Name
Location
Forgot your Password? Credentials sent to registered emailID
Email ID
Help for Registration and Login (Click on Show button)
Registration
Each user needs to set up an unique identity on the system. Since we want to make sure that we can easily communicate with users, we have chosen an user's Email ID as the most practical and useful unique ID. The user's Name (separated as First Name and Last Name) is useful when communicating with them. Finally, we want to save the geographical location of a user to be sensitive to their time zone when communicating by phone or streaming video that may be useful for the learning process.
Please register by filling in the Registration form. Make sure that the email ID you enter is easily accessible to you. All system communications will be sent to this email. If an invalid email is entered, the registration will be immediately deleted.
The password should be more than 8 characters. Longer passwords are more secure. It is highly recommended that you choose an unique password for each site that you visit. Some people choose a phrase like "WhereTheMindIsWithoutFear" (a famous Tagore poem) so that they can easily remember their password. The password is not displayed on any online screen. In the Welcome email, only the first and last two characters are shown for security reasons. If you forget the password, you will have to register again, and all your usage history will be lost.
After successful registration, an email will be sent to you with
Subject: Welcome to supriyosen.net to acknowledge
successful registration, document your Profile and to provide a guide to the various capabilities of the site. Please save this email to remember your credentials. A database record is created on the supriyosen.net server to identify you for subsequent visits.
A registered user can use multiple devices and only needs to login from each device as necessary. For example, I use an iMac, an iPad, and an iPhone. For testing, I also have set up a Windows 10 and a Linux Ubuntu 14 under VirtualBox, an App that runs under Mac OS. Only one registration is required.
Since Registration sets up your profile, you should Register again if you want to change your Password, Name or Location. If you want to change your Email ID, you need to register as a new user. The history of your activities can be manually coordinated by sending an email to [email protected]
The registration record on the server will be removed after six months of inactivity or on your emailed request. Registered users will get an activity status report by email twice a month.
Login
For your convenience, the system has been designed to remember your Login credentials on any computer, tablet or smartphone for 90 days from your last visit. If you are a frequent visitor, you can expect to be "auto logged-in" and go directly to the site,
Browser settings on some computers may restricts how long login credentials will be remembered. Public computers like the local Library or Internet Cafes usually reset every day. In these cases, the auto-login will not be effective and you will have to Login every time.
If you are not auto logged-in when you access the site, please Login using the login panel.
Bangla Rules! Making Flawless (and Grammatically Correct) Sentences in Bangla
by Learning 10 Rules and 400 Words
All languages consist of words (Vocabulary) and a set of rules
(Grammar) that put these words together into a sentence.
Words are the most basic elements of human communication.
Each language has words for every item the speaker needs to communicate
with others. Words are categorized by their usage, into Grammatical
Parts of Speech. For example, Nouns are words that are used
for names of persons, places or things, and Verbs are words for actions.
Phrases are constructed out of one or more related words.
Sentences are made up of a sequence of Phrases. A sentence
in any language is the minimum set of words that will communicate a complete idea.
Words in a language are assigned a "Part of Speech(POS)" based
on how the word is used.
The 8 main Parts of Speech in English are shown below. For simple
conversation, the minimal vocabulary for each Part of Speech (POS)
is also shown. As you can see you need to learn at least 414 words
and their variations to be able to initiate a conversation in Bangla.
Part of Speech
Usage
Starter Vocabulary
1
Noun
used to identify any of a class of people, places, or things
187
2
Determiner
used as a modifying word that points to a specific instance of the noun
18
3
Pronoun
used to replace a noun and avoid repetitious noun references
13
4
Verb
a word used to describe an action, state, or occurrence
121
5
Adjective
a word naming an attribute to modify or describe a noun
45
6
Adverb
a word that modifies or qualifies a verb, adjective or other adverb
8
7
Preposition
a word governing a noun or pronoun and expressing a relation like time or place to another word in the clause
17
8
Conjunction
a word used to connect words or sentences
5
Bangla words can be nominated to the same Parts of Speech. We will
examine the actual implementation of different POS in a sentence.
Structure of a Sentence
A Sentence in both English and Bangla has 3 components
A Subject phrase - who the sentence is about
The Verb phrase - the action the subject is engaged in
An Object phrase - who or what the subject is acting on
In English, these components occur in the order Subject-Verb-Object as in Iwill eatrice.
In Bangla, these components occur in the order Subject-Object-Verb as in আমিভাতখাব.
Rule I. The Sentence Rule
Rule Ia. Sentence Structure-Subject, Verb and Object
A complete sentence consists of a Subject Phrase, a Verb and an optional Object Phrase.
Rule Ib. Order of Subject, Verb and Object
The order of the Subject, Object and Verb will vary by language.
English is a "Head-First" language. An English Sentence will always have a "Subject-Verb-Object" or "S-V-O" structure.
Bangla is a "Head-Final" language. A Bangla Sentence will always have a "Subject-Object-Verb" or "S-O-V" structure.
Sentence Construction
According to Rule Ic, to make a sentence,
Subject and Object phrases require a
Noun and optional Determiner, or a
Pronoun instead
The Verb phrase requires a
Verb, with appropriate conjugation to account for
person (First, Second, Third) and tense (Past, Present, Future).
So the first Parts of Speech we need to use are
Noun
Determiner
Pronoun
Verb, conjugated appropriately
Note that, according to Rule Ib, there is a structural difference between English ( Subject - Verb - Object ) and Bangla ( Subject - Object - Verb ) sentences.
Rule II. Minimal Subject and Object - Noun, Determiner, Pronoun
A minimal Subject or Object is made up of
a Noun with an optional Determiner,
or
a Pronoun.
We will now start the study of Parts of Speech and their implementation in
sentences in Bangla.
Nouns - Names of Persons, Places and Things
A Noun is a word (other than a Pronoun) used to identify any of a class
of people, places, or things (Common Noun), or to name a particular one of these (Proper Noun).
Examples:table, dog, teacher, Canada
Click to Essential Vocabulary - Nouns
List of Essential Nouns
English
Bangla (Phonetic)
Animals
cat
বিড়াল (biRal)
dog
কুকুর (kukur)
cow
গরু (goru)
calf
বাছুর (bachhur)
buffalo
মোষ (mOSh)
goat
ছাগল (chhagol)
sheep
ভেড়া (bheRa)
horse
ঘোড়া (ghORa)
camel
উট (uT)
monkey
বাঁদর (ban^dor)
deer
হরিণ (horiN)
jackal
শিয়াল (shiyal)
bear
ভালুক (bhaluk)
crocodile
কুমির (kumir)
lion
সিংহ (singho)
tiger
বাঘ (bagh)
Birds
chicken
মুরগি (murogi)
cock
মোরগ (mOrog)
duck
হাঁস (han^s)
crow
কাক (kak)
owl
প্যাঁচা (pYan^cha)
peacock
ময়ূর (moyUr)
cuckoo
কোকিল (kOkil)
heron
বক (bok)
eagle
ঈগল (Igol)
Currency
Rupees
টাকা (Taka)
Dollars
ডলার (Dolar)
Pounds
পাউন্ড (pauND)
Euros
ইউরো (iurO)
Direction
north
উত্তর দিক (uttor dik)
south
দক্ষিণ দিক (dokShiN dik)
east
পূর্ব দিক (pUrbo dik)
west
পশ্চিম দিক (poshchim dik)
Distance
miles
মাইল (mail)
kilometers
কিলোমিটার (kilOmiTar)
Entities
thing
জিনিস (jinis)
person
মানুষ (manuSh)
man
লোক (lOk)
woman
নারী (narI)
boy
ছেলে (chhele)
girl
মেয়ে (meye)
child
বাচ্চা (bachcha)
infant
শিশু (shishu)
group
দল (dol)
public
জনগণ (jonogoN)
police
পুলিশ (pulish)
Food
water
জল (jol)
milk
দুধ (dudh)
yoghurt
দই (doi)
rice
ভাত (bhat)
dal
ডাল (Dal)
fish
মাছ (machh)
meat
মাংস (mangso)
vegetables
তরকারি (torokari)
egg
ডিম (Dim)
sweets
মিস্টি (misTi)
cake
কেক (kek)
jalebis
জিলিপি (jilipi)
Fruits
mango
আম (am)
orange
কমলা লেবু (komola lebu)
apple
আপেল (apel)
grape
আঙুর (aNgur)
pineapple
আনারস (anaros)
jackfruit
কাঁঠাল (kan^Thal)
banana
কলা (kola)
guava
পেয়ারা (peyara)
Home and Furniture
house
বাড়ি (baRi)
home
বাড়ি (baRi)
pictures
ছবি (chhobi)
car
গাড়ি (gaRi)
room
ঘর (ghor)
window
জানালা (janala)
door
দরজা (doroja)
neighbo(u)rs
প্রতিবেশী (protibeshI)
blankets
কম্বল (kombol)
umbrella
ছাতা (chhata)
chair
চেয়ার (cheyar)
bed
বিছানা (bichhana)
Language
Bangla
বাংলা (bangla)
Bengali
বাংলা (bangla)
English
ইংরেজী (ingrejI)
French
ফরাসী (phorasI)
Meals
breakfast
রেকফাস্ট (brekophasT )
lunch
লান্চ (lanch)
dinner
ডিনার (Dinar)
supper
সাপার (sapar)
snacks
জলখাবার (jolokhabar)
Nature
way
পথ (poth)
road
রাস্তা (rasta)
world
পৃথিবী (prrithibI)
life
জীবন (jIbon)
part
অংশ (ongsho)
sun
সূর্য (sUrJo)
moon
চাঁদ (chan^d)
star
তারকা (taroka)
earth
পৃথিবী (prrithibI)
cloud
মেঘ (megh)
land
জমি (jomi)
ocean
সাগর (sagor)
sky
আকাশ (akash)
grass
ঘাস (ghas)
lake
লেক (lek)
Parts of the Body
body
শরীর (shorIr)
skin
চামড়া (chamoRa)
head
মাথা (matha)
throat
গলা (gola)
neck
ঘাঢ় (ghaRh)
hair
চুল (chul)
eye
চোখ (chOkh)
ear
কান (kan)
nose
নাক (nak)
face
মুখ (mukh)
mouth
মুখ (mukh)
tooth
দাঁত (dan^t)
chest
বুক (buk)
navel
নাভি (nabhi)
waist
কোমর (kOmor)
back
পিঠ (piTh)
hand
হাত (hat)
leg
পা (pa)
finger
আঙুল (aNgul)
blood
রক্ত (rokto)
cheek
গাল (gal)
belly
পেট (peT)
Place Names
Toronto
টরোন্টো (TorOnTO)
New York
নিউ ইয়র্ক (niu iyork)
London
লন্ডন (lonDon)
Portland
পোর্টলন্ড (pOrTolonD)
Stockholm
স্টকহোম (sTokohOm)
India
ইন্ডিয়া (inDiya)
Kolkata
কলকাতা (kolokata)
Park Street
পার্ক স্ট্রিট (park sTriT)
Reading,Writing
letter
চিঠি (chiThi)
story
গল্প (golpo)
poem
কবিতা (kobita)
book
বই (boi)
ink
কালি (kali)
movies
সিনেমা (sinema)
songs
গান (gan)
novels
উপন্যাস (uponYas)
examination
পরীক্ষা (porIkSha)
alphabets
বর্ণমালা (borNomala)
student
ছাত্র (chhatro)
Sports
cricket
ক্রিকেট (krikeT)
kite
ঘুড়ি (ghuRi)
Things to Buy
hat
টুপি (Tupi)
rose
গোলাপ (gOlap)
shoes
জুতো (jutO)
sari
শাড়ি (shaRi)
toys
খেলনা (khelona)
boat
জাহাজ (jahaj)
price
দাম (dam)
Time
time
সময় (somoy)
year
বছর (bochhor)
month
মাস (mas)
week
সপ্তাহ (soptaho)
day
দিন (din)
hour
ঘন্টা (ghonTa)
today
আজ (aj)
tomorrow
আগামিকাল (agamikal)
yesterday
গতকাল (gotokal)
morning
সকাল (sokal)
noon
দুপুর (dupur)
afternoon
বিকাল (bikal)
evening
সন্ধ্যা (sondhYa)
night
রাত্রি (ratri)
Uncategorized
name
নাম (nam)
rent
বাড়ির ভারা (baRir bhara)
sweetheart
প্রেমিক (premik)
present
উপহার (upohar)
lock
তালা (tala)
proposal
প্রস্তাব (prostab)
orders
আদেশ (adesh)
worried
চিন্তা (chinta)
job
চাকরি (chakori)
thief
চোর (chor)
rules
নিয়ম (niyom)
bag
থলি (tholi)
taxi
ট্যাক্সি (TYaksi)
lover
প্রেমিককে (premikoke)
happy
খুশি (khushi)
sad
দুঃখিত (duH^khito)
orders
আদেশ (adesh)
colors
রং (rong)
Vegetables
potato
আলু (alu)
onion
পেঁয়াজ (pen^yaj)
cauliflower
ফুলকপি (phulokopi)
cabbage
বাঁধাকপি (ban^dhakopi)
carrot
গাজর (gajor)
eggplant
বেগুন (begun)
Nouns in a Sentence
We will start by choosing the Subject of our sentence, which should be a Noun.
Let us say that the Subject is "boy". We want to create a sentence about this
boy going home. We can also see that the Object of the sentences is "home".
The Nouns in the Subject and Object will translate as follows:
English
Bangla
Phonetic
boy
ছেলে
chhele
home
বাড়ি
baRi
Determiner - Points to a Specific Instance of a Noun
A Determiner is a modifying word that is used with a
noun to point to a specific instance of the noun.
There are two kinds of Determiners:
The common Determiners that can point to an instance of a Noun.
Examples:the, this, that
Click to Essential Vocabulary - Common Determiners
List of Essential Determiners1
English
Bangla (Phonetic)
Common Determiners
the
noun-টা ( noun-Ta)
this
এই noun-টা (ei noun-Ta)
that
ওই noun-টা (Oi noun-Ta)
The genitive Determiners, also called the Possessive Case of Nouns and
Pronouns, that can specify which instance of the Noun is being referred to.
For example, you may say "I am going to my maternal uncle's home" instead of
simply saying "I am going home."
Examples:Possessive Case Determiners like "father's, cat's,
my, his"
Click to Essential Vocabulary - Determiners from Possessive Case
List of Essential Determiners2
English
Bangla (Phonetic)
From Possessive Case of Nouns
father's
বাবার (babar)
mother's
মার (mar)
maternal uncle's
মামার (mamar)
son's
ছেলের (chheler)
daughter's
মেয়ের (meyer)
car's
গাড়ির (gaRir )
house's
বাড়ির (baRir)
Doctor's
দাক্তারের (daktarer)
children's
বাচ্চাদের (bachchader)
Tagore's
রবীন্দ্রনাথের (robIndronather)
friends'
বন্ধুদের (bondhuder)
neighbo(u)rs'
প্রতিবেশীদের (protibeshIder)
From Possessive Case of Pronouns
my
আমার (amar)
your
তোমার (tOmar)
his/her
ওর (Or)
Rule III. The Common Determiner
The Determiner "the" is handled by simply adding a suffix -Ta to the noun --
the dog becomes কুকুরটা(kukuroTa).
"This" for nearby and "that" for distance, are expressed as এই(ei) and ওই(Oi) respectively and put before the Noun. The Noun is always tagged with the -Ta or -Ti suffix.
Rule IV. The Possessive Case Determiners for Nouns and Pronouns
For Nouns
Possessive Noun Determiners like "father's, cat's" are formed from the Nouns by
adding the "-r" sound if the Noun ends in a vowel like বাবা->বাবার
adding the "-er" sound if the Noun ends in a consonant like বিড়াল->বিড়ালের
For Pronouns
Possessive Pronoun Determiners like "my, your, his/her" are formed from the Pronouns by adding the "-r" or "-ar" sound to the Pronoun. This will result in আমার, তোমার, ওর(amar, tOmar, Or).
Determiner in a Sentence - in Subject and Object Phrases with a Noun
The common Determiner in the Subject is implemented as in Rule III.
English
Bangla
Phonetic
The
Noun+টি
Noun+Ti
The boy
ছেলেটি
chheleTi
We will also add a determiner to the Object, in this case a genitive marker. We will day that the boy is going to his Maternal Uncle's house. So the Object, as in Rule IV will become:
English
Bangla
Phonetic
maternal uncle's
মামার
mamar
maternal uncle's house
মামার বাড়ি
mamar baRi
Pronoun - Replaces a Noun
A Pronoun is a word that can function by itself as a noun
phrase and that
refers either to the participants in the discourse (e.g. I, you) or to someone or
something mentioned elsewhere in the discourse (e.g. he/she, it, this).
Examples:I, you, we, he/she, it, this
Click to Essential Vocabulary - Pronouns
List of Essential Pronouns
English
Bangla (Phonetic)
In Object
me
আমাকে (amake)
you-object
তোমাকে (tOmake)
him/her-object
ওকে (Oke)
In Subject
I
আমি (ami)
you
তুমি (tumi)
he
ও (O)
she
ও (O)
we
আমরা (amora)
you-plural
তোমরা (tOmora)
they
ওরা (Ora)
he/she
ও (O)
In Subject, Inanimate
it
ওটা (OTa)
those
ওগুলো (OgulO)
Rule V. Pronoun Rule
A Pronoun can replace a Noun
in a Subject or Object Phrase
Using a Pronoun in the Subject or Object
In the example we are constructing, we are not using a Pronoun. We could have
replaced "The boy" with "He" and carried the same meaning. Many sentences
like "I will go home" use a Pronoun instead of a Noun in the Subject.
Verb - Words of Action
A Verb is a word that describes an action, state,
or occurrence of an action. Examples:(to) work, (to) learn,
(to) eat
Click to Essential Vocabulary - Verbs
List of Essential Verbs
English
Bangla (Phonetic)
10Hear/Say/See
ask
জিজ্ঞাসা করা (jijNGasa kora)
hear/listen
শোনা (shOna)
look
তাকানো (takanO)
say/tell
বলা (bola)
see
দেখা (dekha)
talk/speak
কথা বলা (kotha bola)
20Learning/Skills
call
ডাকা (Daka)
dance
নাচা (nacha)
draw
আঁকা (an^ka)
know
জানা (jana)
learn
শেখা (shekha)
play
খেলা (khela)
read
পড়া (poRa)
reply
উত্তর দেওয়া (uttor deOya)
sing
গাওয়া (gaOya)
spell
বানান করা (banan kora)
study
পড়াশোনা করা (poRashOna kora)
teach
শেখানো (shekhanO)
think
ভাবা (bhaba)
understand
বোঝা (bOjha)
watch
পাহারা দেওয়া (pahara deOya)
write
লেখা (lekha)
recognize
চেনা (chena)
30Personal Daily Actions
bathe
চান করা (chan kora)
brush teeth
দাঁত মাজা (dan^t maja)
drink
পান করা (pan kora)
eat
খাওয়া (khaOya)
sit
বসা (bosa)
sleep
ঘুমানো (ghumanO)
smoke
ধূম পান করা (dhUm pan kora)
work
কাজ করা (kaj kora)
tidy up
গোছানো (gOchhanO)
wash
ধোয়া (dhOya)
wake
জাগা (jaga)
cook
রান্না করা (ranna kora)
lie down
শোয়া (shOya)
wear/put on
পরা (pora)
40People Actions
believe
বিশ্বাস করা (bishwas kora)
come
আসা (asa)
complain
অভিযোগ করা (obhiJOg kora)
eliminate
বাদ দেওয়া (bad deOya)
explain
বোঝানো (bOjhanO)
fill
ভরা (bhora)
find
খুঁজে পাওয়া (khun^je paOya)
forget
ভুলে যাওয়া (bhule JaOya)
give
দেওয়া (deOya)
go
যাওয়া (JaOya)
lose
হারানো (haranO)
take
নেওয়া (neOya)
use
ব্যবহার করা (bYobohar kora)
worry
চিন্তা করা (chinta kora)
throw out
ফেলা (phela)
want
চাওয়া (chaOya)
50General Actions-1
accept
গ্রহণ করা (grohoN kora)
agree
সম্মত হওয়া (sommoto hoOya)
allow
অনুমতি দেওয়া (onumoti deOya)
be
হওয়া (hoOya)
begin/start
শুরু হওয়া (shuru hoOya)
can do
করতে পারা (korote para)
close
বন্ধ করা (bondho kora)
do
করা (kora)
feel
অনুভব করা (onubhob kora)
finish
শেষ করা (sheSh kora)
fix/repair
মেরামত করা (meramoto kora)
have/remain
থাকা (thaka)
leave
ছেড়ে চলে যাওয়া (chheRe chole JaOya)
make/construct
তৈরী করা (tOIrI kora)
open
খোলা (khOla)
search
খোঁজা (khOn^ja)
shut/stop
বন্ধ করা (bondho kora)
start
শুরু করা (shuru kora)
strike/hit
মারা (mara)
try
চেষ্টা করা (cheShTa kora)
affix/attach
লাগানো (laganO)
return
ফেরা (phera)
60General Actions-2
break
ভাঙা (bhaNga)
bring
আনা (ana)
change
পরিবর্তন করা (poriborton kora)
clean
পরিষ্কার করা (poriShkar kora)
cut
কাটা (kaTa)
get
পাওয়া (paOya)
hurt
ব্যথা দেওয়া (bYotha deOya)
keep/put
রাখা (rakha)
kill
মেরে ফেলা (mere phela)
make
বানানো (bananO)
organise
ব্যাবস্থা করা (bYabostha kora)
reach/arrive
পৌঁছানো (pOUn^chhanO)
70Travel/Movement
drive
গাড়ি চালানো (gaRi chalanO)
fall
পড়ে যাওয়া (poRe JaOya)
fly
ওড়ানো (oRanO)
run/sprint
দৌড়ানো (dOURanO)
run
ছোটা (chhOTa)
stand
দাঁড়ানো (dan^RanO)
swim
সাঁতার কাটা (san^tar kaTa)
travel
ভ্রমণ করা (bhromoN kora)
wait
অপেক্ষা করা (opekSha kora)
walk
হাঁটা (han^Ta)
climb up
ওঠা (OTha)
climb down
নামা (nama)
80Buy/Sell/Transact
borrow
ধার করা (dhar kora)
buy
কেনা (kena)
count
গোনা (gOna)
pay
দাম দেওয়া (dam deOya)
sell
বিক্রি করা (bikri kora)
send
পাঠানো (paThanO)
sign
সই করা (soi kora)
spend
খরচ করা (khoroch kora)
steal
চুরি করা (churi kora)
90Events
born
জন্মানো (jonmanO)
die
মারা যাওয়া (mara JaOya)
live
থাকা (thaka)
marry
বিয়ে করা (biye kora)
95Passive Voice
to feel hungry
খিদে পাওয়া (khide paOya)
to complete
হয়ে যাওয়া (hoye JaOya)
to be hurt
ব্যাথা লাগা (bYatha laga)
to remember
মনে হওয়া (mone hoOya)
to feel afraid
ভয় পাওয়া (bhoy paOya)
to feel warm
গরম লাগা (gorom laga)
to feel cold
ঠান্ডা লাগা (ThanDa laga)
to feel like crying
কান্না পাওয়া (kanna paOya)
to meet
দেখা হওয়া (dekha hoOya)
Verbs are a necessary part of any sentence. Your Vocabulary of Verbs will let you describe any action with more precision.
Bangla Verbs are "conjugated" (modified) based on Person
(first, second or third) and Tense (past, present and future) in which they are used.
There are 24 combinations possible.
There are 3 Persons - First, Second and Third.
There are 3 Tenses -
Past with 4 forms (Simple, Continuous, Perfect and Habitual),
Present with 3 forms (Simple, Continuous, Perfect),
Future with 1 form.
The following patterns are evident in the conjugated forms:
In the First Person
-The Past Continuous Tense ends with "-ছিলাম"
("-chhilam")
-The Present Continuous Tense ends with "-ছি"
("-chhi")
-The Future Tense ends with "-ব"
("-bo")
In the Second Person -The Past Continuous Tense ends with "-ছিলে"
("-chhile")
-The Present Continuous Tense ends with "-ছ"
("-chho")
-The Future Tense ends with "-বে"
("-be")
In the Third Person -The Past Continuous Tense ends with "-ছিল"
("-chhilo")
-The Present Continuous Tense ends with "-ছে"
("-chhe")
-The Future Tense ends with span class=bn>"-বে"
("-be")
The Verb Conjugation
Wizard shows the root and conjugated versions of more than 100 Verbs.
Since the Subject "The Dog" is Third Person, and the Verb "is going" suggests
a present Tense, we can look up the correct conjugation of "go".
The Verb Conjugation Wizard suggests that is going
should be যাচ্ছে.
Word Translation
English
Bangla
Phonetic
is going
যাচ্ছে
Jachchhe
The Sentence
Subject
Verb
Object
The boy
is going
home
Subject
Object
Verb
ছেলেটি chheleTi
বাড়ি baRi
যাচ্ছে Jachchhe
The sentence shown above follows Rule I (Sentence Structure),
Rule II (Noun and Determiner in Subject and Object),
Rule III (Determiner Rule) and Rule V (Verb Conjugation Rule).
Improving the Sentence, by Adding More Details
Now we want to use some other Parts of Speech to make the sentence even more richly
communicative and more meaningful.
Here are some possibilities:
Add some more attributes to the noun "boy" with an Adjective
Add some description of how the boy "is going" by using an Adverb
Add some locative information for home by using a Prepositional phrase
Add another entity that is going with the boy and integrate it into the subject
with a Conjunction
We will add each of these Parts of Speech to enhance the Sentence.
Adjective - Add Description to a Noun
An Adjective is a word or phrase naming an attribute,
added to or
grammatically related to a noun to modify or describe it.
Examples: big, red, easy, soft
Click to Essential Vocabulary - Adjectives
List of Essential Adjectives
English
Bangla (Phonetic)
Big/Little
big
বড় (boRo)
little
ছোট (chhOTo)
Color
white
সাদা (sada)
black
কালো (kalO)
red
লাল (lal)
blue
নীল (nIl)
green
সবুজ (sobuj)
yellow
হলদে (holode)
pink
গোলাপী (gOlapI)
brown
খয়েরী (khoyerI)
Counts
One
এক (ek)
Ten
দশ (dosh)
Hundred
শত (shoto)
Thousand
হাজার (hajar)
Lakh=1,00,000
লাখ (lakh)
Dirty/Clean
dirty
নোংরা (nOngra)
clean
পরিষ্কার (poriShkar)
Early/Late
early
আগে (age)
late
দেরি (deri)
Few/Many
few
অল্প (olpo)
many
অনেক (onek)
First/Last
first
প্রথম (prothom)
last
শেষ (sheSh)
Good/Bad
good
ভাল (bhalo)
bad
খারাপ (kharap)
High/Low
high
উঁচু (un^chu)
low
নিচু (nichu)
Hot/Cold
hot
গরম (gorom)
cold
ঠান্ডা (ThanDa)
Languages
Bangla
বাংলায় (banglay)
in English
ইংরেজীতে (ingrejIte)
Large/Small
large
বড় (boRo)
small
ছোট (chhOTo)
Long/Short
long
লম্বা (lomba)
short
ছোট (chhOTo)
New/Old
new
নতুন (notun)
old
পুরনো (puronO)
Own/Other
own
নিজের (nijer)
other
অন্য (onYo)
Previous/Next
previous
পূর্ববর্তী (pUrbobortI)
next
পরবর্তী (porobortI)
Same/Different
same
একই (ekoi)
different
আলাদা (alada)
Young/Old
young
যুবক (Jubok)
old
বুড়ো (buRO)
Rule VI. The Adjective Rule
A Subject or Object Phrase can contain any number
of Adjectives that describe the relevant
Noun. It is added before the Noun it describes.
Adding Adjectives to Nouns
The Adjective "small" can be applied to "the boy". The Adjective will be put
before the Noun it describes, hence before "The boy".
Word Translation
English
Bangla
Phonetic
small
ছোট
chhOTo
The Sentence
Subject
Verb
Object
The small boy
is going
home
Subject
Object
Verb
ছোট ছেলেটি chOto chheleTi
বাড়ি baRi
যাচ্ছে Jachchhe
Another way of improving the sentence is by further describing the verb "is going".
Adverb - Add description to a Verb
An Adverb is a word or phrase that modifies or
qualifies an adjective, verb, or other adverb,
expressing a relation of place, time, circumstance, manner, cause, degree.
Examples:slowly, quietly, well, often
Click to Essential Vocabulary - Adverbs
List of Essential Adverbs
English
Bangla (Phonetic)
Amount
very
খুব (khub)
a little
একটু (ekoTu)
Direction
far
দূরে (dUre)
near
কাছে (kachhe)
left
বাঁদিকে (ban^dike)
right
ডানদিক (Danodik)
Speed
quickly
তাড়াতাড়ি (taRataRi)
slowly
আস্তেআস্তে (asteaste)
Rule VII. The Adverb Rule
A Verb Phrase can contain any number of
Adverbs that give information about the
Verb in the Sentence. It is added before the
Conjugated Verb it describes.
Adding Adverbs to Verbs
The Adverb "slowly" can be applied to "is going". The Adverb will be
put before the Verb it describes, since the Verb is always last in the sentence.
Word Translation
English
Bangla
Phonetic
slowly
আস্তেআস্তে
asteaste
The Sentence
Subject
Verb
Object
The small boy
is slowly going
home
Subject
Object
Verb
ছোট ছেলেটি chOto chheleTi
বাড়ি baRi
আস্তেআস্তে যাচ্ছে asteaste Jachchhe
The only other information we can add to the sentence, is "how" the boy is going.
This is done using a Prepositional Phrase.
Preposition/Postposition - Add Location Information to a Noun
A Preposition is a word governing a noun or pronoun
and expressing a
relation like time, place and direction to another word or element in the clause.
In Bangla the position of this descriptive word is placed after the noun,
hence the name Postposition. Examples:at, to, in, over
Click to Essential Vocabulary - Prepositions
List of Essential Prepositions
English
Bangla (Phonetic)
Place
on the
-র/-ের উপরে (-r/-er upore)
inside the
-র/-ের ভিতরে (-r/er bhitore)
outside the
-র/-ের বাইরে (-r/er baire)
at the
-তে/-েতে (-te/-ete)
for the
-র/-ের জন্য (-r/-er jonYo)
to
-য়ে/-ে (-ye/-e)
under the
-র/-ের নিচে (-r/-er niche)
on the right
-র/-ের ডানদিকে (-r/-er Danodike)
on the left
-র/-ের বাঁদিকে (-r/-er ban^dike)
on the front
-র/-ের সামনে (-r/-er samone)
on the back
-র/-ের পিছনে (-r/-er pichhone)
along the side
-র/-ের ধারে (-r/-er dhare)
all around
-র/-ের চারপাশে (-r/-er charopashe)
in the middle
-র/-ের মধ্যে (-r/-er modhYe)
from
-র/-ের থেকে (-r/-er theke)
Time
before
-র/-ের আগে (-r/-er age)
after
-র/-ের পরে (-r/-er pore)
The Noun and the Preposition are collectively called the Prepositional Phrase.
So we could use something like "with a dog" as a preposition describing a
relation with the boy who is going.
Rule IX. The Preposition Rule
A Subject or Object Phrase can contain any number of
Prepositions that give information about time,
place and direction of the Noun. Prepositions
come in 2 parts - a suffix to be applied to a Noun and a word added after
the Noun.
At Noun (location)
Suffix -তে if Noun ends in Vowel (বাড়িতে)
Suffix -ে if Noun ends in Consonant (ঘরে)
To Noun (location)
Suffix -য়ে if Noun ends in Vowel (কলকাতায়ে)
Suffix -ে if Noun ends in Consonant (লন্ডনে)
Position with descriptor
Suffix -র if Noun ends in Vowel (গাড়ির সামনে)
Suffix -ের if Noun ends in Consonant (পথের ধারে)
Adding Pre-(or Post-)positions
We want to add "with the dog" to the subject.
Word Translation
English
Bangla
Phonetic
with the dog
কুকুরটার সাথে
kukuroTar sathe
The Sentence
Subject
Verb
Object
The small boy
is slowly going
home with the dog
Subject
Object
Verb
ছোট ছেলেটি chOto chheleTi
কুকুরটার সাথে বাড়ি kukuroTar sathe baRi
আস্তেআস্তে যাচ্ছে asteaste Jachchhe
Conjunction - Joins two Words or Phrases
A Conjunction is a word used to connect clauses or
sentences or to
coordinate words in the same clause. Examples:and, but, if
Click to Essential Vocabulary - Conjunctions
List of Essential Conjunctions
English
Bangla (Phonetic)
Conjunction
and
এবং (ebong)
but
কিন্তু (kintu)
or
অথবা (othoba)
because
কারণ (karoN)
so
তাই (tai)
Rule X. The Conjunction Rule
A Conjunction can be used to join two Noun Phrases
or two Sentences. The Conjunction is placed between the two Noun Phrases it
joins or between the two Sentences it joins.
Using Conjunctions
Let us add "and an old man" to the Subject, currently "The small boy".
Word Translation
English
Bangla
Phonetic
and the old man
এবং বুড়ো লোকটি
ebong buRO lokoTi
The Sentence
Subject
Verb
Object
The small boy and the old man
are slowly going
home with the dog
Subject
Object
Verb
ছোট ছেলেটি এবং বুড়ো লোকটি chOto chheleTi ebong buRO lokoTi
কুকুরটার সাথে বাড়ি kukuroTar sathe baRi
আস্তেআস্তে যাচ্ছে asteaste Jachchhe
We can add a Conjunction and a Noun Phrase to the Subject by making it
"the small boy and the old man".
The sentence is now complete. We have used 10 Rules (I through X) and a
fairly limited vocabulary to construct this sentence.
Bangla Sentence Construction
Subject
ছোট
ছেলে
+টি
এবং
বুড়ো
লোক
+টি
adjective
noun
determiner
conjunction
adjective
noun
determiner
Object
কুকুর
+টার
সাথে
বাড়ি
noun
determiner
preposition
noun
Verb
আস্তেআস্তে
যাচ্ছে
adverb
verb
Punctuation
All punctuation used in English is identical to the usage in Bangla, except for
the end-of-sentence marker.
Periods (Full Stops in UK English) are used to end sentences in English.
In Bangla, the sign used for a Period is called a দাঁড়িdan^Ri and looks like this । ,
a vertical bar.
All other punctuation including dash (-), comma(,), colon(:), semi-colon(;).
Single Quote('), Double Quote ("), Question Mark (?), Exclamation Mark (!),
brackets ( ( ) ), square brackets ([ ]) are used exactly like English.
Using These Rules
If you can discover patterns and rules in anything you want to learn, you can
delegate some of the routine work to a software algorithm and focus on increasing
your vocabulary and practicing more sentences. Here, at The Sentence
Construction Wizard, you will find a software-assisted method that
is based on the Rules you learned here. Its use should accelerate your learning process.
With daily diligent study and practice, this kind of rule-based learning can get
you making grammatically correct sentences in about 4 months. A full course of
study is outlined at
A
Guided Course to Learn Conversational Bangla.
Appendix - More on Verb Conjugation
Bangla Verbs are "conjugated" (modified) based on Person (first, second or third) and Tense (past, present and future) in which they are used.
Grammarians categorize the three Tenses (Past, Present and Future) as described below. There are 4 forms of Past tense, 3 forms of Present tense and 1 form of Future tense, for a total of 8 forms.
The verb "want" which is চাওয়াchaOya in Bangla, is used here to give examples of the 8 First Person forms of conjugation.
Past Tense
Present Tense
Future Tense
Simple Past Tense
Simple Present Tense
Future Tense
Is generally used for actions or events occurring in the recent past.
I wanted
আমি চাইলামami chailam
Is generally used for actions that are just occurring.
I want
আমি চাইami chai
Only one form of future tense is used in Bangla.
I will want
আমি চাইবami chaibo
Continuous Past Tense
Continuous Present Tense
Is used for actions and events that had occurred.
I was wanting
আমি চাচ্ছিলামami chachchhilam
Used for actions in progress.
I am wanting
আমি চাচ্ছিami chachchhi
Perfect Past Tense
Perfect Present Tense
The past perfect tense is used to express any past action or event at a particular time, where the exact time is not significant. (Simple past is used
for actions that have happened in the very recent past.)
It is equivalent to the past perfect tense in English.
I wanted
আমি চেয়েছিলামami cheyechhilam
Present perfect is used to express a current action.
I have wanted
আমি চেয়েছিami cheyechhi
Habitual Past Tense
To express past actions or events that happened habitually or regularly.
I used to want
আমি চাইতামami chaitam
In Bangla, the form of the verb changes slightly based on the Tense
(Past, Present, Future) and Person (First, Second, Third) of its
usage in a sentence. Each Verb you learn has its root form
(eg English:want,
Bangla:চাওয়া, Phonetic:chaOya )
and 24 other variants. So for every 100 verbs you learn, there are
potentially 2,500 words you have to remember. This may appear a little
overwhelming, but Bangla verb conjugations have a very consistent pattern
and these patterns can be captured in software.
These patterns are available in
The
Verb Conjugation Wizard.